Unite union members are planning 41 strikes over a 23-day period starting 2 April.
The union said it was taking action after accusing Heathrow of cutting pay and reducing conditions by "firing and rehiring" its entire workforce.
Heathrow has denied the claim, stressing frontline workers have accepted new pay offers paying "above market rate and London living wage".
Airport staff across engineering, airside and landside operations, fire service, security and central terminal operations will walk out during the strike period.
Each sector, said Unite, would take seven days of strike action, meaning at least one sector will be on strike most days during the proposed action.
Unite said some Heathrow workers had experienced pay cuts of up to £8,000, and has claimed that if Heathrow was seeking to cut costs owing to the impact of Covid-19, any pay reductions should have been temporary.
Workers took a ninth day of strike action last week (12 March), with Unite accusing Heathrow of failing to come to the table, resulting in the proposed strikes lasting longer than it had initially intended.
"Last month, Unite tabled proposals which it believes would have resulted in the dispute being resolved, but the company has failed to fully respond," said the union.
Wayne King, Unite regional coordinating officer, said: "These strike days are avoidable, yet Heathrow is not listening. While Unite put forward clear proposals in February to resolve the dispute, the company has yet to give any kind of formal response.
"There is a fortnight before Unite’s spring strike offensive begins and HAL [Heathrow] management could still resolve this dispute if it has the will to do so."
A Heathrow spokesperson said frontline workers had accepted its new pay offer, and denied the airport had "fired and re-hired" 4,000 staff.
They added the airport had launched a business recovery incentive payment, which would reward staff should the airport recover sufficiently from the Covid crisis in two years’ time.
The airport said contingency measures would ensure operations continue during the strike action.
